INCIDENCE OF CERVICAL CANCER IN THE STATE OF PARAÍBA IN 2023 AND ITS CORRELATION WITH CYTOPATHOLOGICAL EXAMINATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/revgeov17n4-144Keywords:
Cervical Cancer, Cytopathological, HPV, WomenAbstract
Cervical cancer is caused by the Human Papillomavirus (HPV), although it is preventable through vaccination, especially serotypes 16 and 18, due to its virulence. This article aims to outline the epidemiological profile of cervical cancer in 2023 and its prospects. This is an exploratory, retrospective epidemiological study with a quantitative approach. The results were collected from data from INCA (National Cancer Institute), whose reports are issued biennially. A higher incidence was observed in the North and Northeast regions, with Paraíba accounting for 10.5% of cases and the Northeast 13.8% of cases. Cervical cancer detection is related to Pap smear or cytopathological testing, which should reach 100% of women aged 25 to 64, i.e., the most vulnerable population. The study resulted in a coverage rate of 83.23, and, because of its greater screening coverage, it has a lower cervical cancer mortality rate, since detection is linked to early treatment. It can be concluded that cervical cancer is a major public health problem; therefore, healthcare professionals should encourage patients to undergo this screening annually for early detection of HPV-related lesions and cancers.
El cáncer de cuello uterino es causado por el Virus del Papiloma Humano (VPH), aunque es prevenible mediante vacunación, especialmente los serotipos 16 y 18, debido a su virulencia. Este artículo tiene como objetivo describir el perfil epidemiológico del cáncer de cuello uterino en 2023 y sus perspectivas. Se trata de un estudio epidemiológico exploratorio y retrospectivo, con un enfoque cuantitativo. Los resultados se obtuvieron de datos del INCA (Instituto Nacional del Cáncer), cuyos informes se publican cada dos años. Se observó una mayor incidencia en las regiones Norte y Noreste, donde Paraíba representa una prevalencia del 10,5% de los casos y el Noreste del 13,85%. La detección del cáncer de cuello uterino está relacionada con la realización de la prueba de Papanicolaou o el examen citopatológico, que debería alcanzar al 100% de las mujeres de 25 a 64 años, es decir, la población más vulnerable. La investigación arrojó una cobertura del 83,23%, y debido a esta mayor cobertura de exámenes, se observa una menor tasa de mortalidad por cáncer de cuello uterino, ya que la detección está relacionada con el tratamiento precoz. Se puede concluir que el cáncer de cuello uterino es un problema de salud pública importante; por lo tanto, los profesionales de la salud deben alentar a las pacientes a someterse a este examen anualmente para la detección temprana de lesiones y cánceres relacionados con el virus del VPH.
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