PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGES IN THE DIET FORMULATED, OFFERED AND ORTS OF BEEF CATTLE IN FEEDLOT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/revgeov17n5-019Keywords:
Chemical Analysis, Homogeneity, Precision NutritionAbstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the composition of the formulated, offered and leftover diets of feedlot beef cattle. The experiment was carried out at the Capim Branco Experimental Farm, belonging to the Federal University of Uberlândia. Samples of the diet provided and leftovers were collected to determine the particle size distribution and diet homogeneity, using a set of sieves (Penn State Particle Size Separator). The diet consisted of 60% corn silage and 40% concentrate, and was offered twice a day to 31 Senepol cattle, all uncastrated males, with an average initial age of 15 months and an average body weight of 396.5 kg. The differences between the formulated and offered diets were greater for NDF, DM and MM. The difference between the nutrients present in the offered diet and in the leftovers was greater for MM, DM and FDA. The coefficient of variation of the proportions retained in the 8 and 1.18 mm sieves was 8.72% and 23.78%, respectively. The nutritional composition of the diets presented variations above the literature recommendations, compromising their homogeneity.
Downloads
References
ALMEIDA, R; LIMA, I. M.; RAMIRES, C. H. Nutrição de precisão em vacas leiteiras. In: XXIII Congresso Brasileiro de Zootecnia, p. 4884-4894, 2013, Foz do Iguaçu. Anais...Foz do Iguaçu.
ARMENTANO, L. E. Carbohydrate balancing for lactating cows. Formuleite, 2010. Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras-MG, 2010.
BRANCO, A. F.; OSMARI, M. P. Nutrição de Precisão e Impacto Ambiental. In: Congresso Latino Americano de Nutrição Animal, 4., 2010, Anais... Campinas – São Paulo: Colégio Brasileiro de Nutrição Animal (CBNA), 2010, v. 600, p. 307-316
CASTRO, W. J. R.; CASTRO, M. C. R.; FERNANDES, G. A.; FERNANDES, F. F. D.; MOUSQUER, C. J.; BORGES, V. T. O.; SIMIONI, T. A.; HOFFMANN, A. Exigências de compostos fibrosos para bovinos em confinamento. Pubvet, Londrina, v. 8, n. 3, 2014. Disponível em: < 10.22256/pubvet.v8n3.1667>.
DEL CLARO, A. C.; MERCADANTE, M. E. Z.; SILVA, J. A. II V. Meta análise de parâmetros genéticos relacionados ao consumo alimentar residual e a suas características componentes em bovinos. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, Brasília, v. 47, n. 2, p. 302310, 2012. Disponível em: < https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-204X2012000200020>
DETMANN, E. et al. Métodos para análise de alimentos INCT-CA. Visconde do Rio Branco, MG, Brasil; Suprema, 2012. 214p.
DEVRIES, T. J.; BEAUCHEMIN, K. A.; KEYSERLINGK, A. G. Dietary Forage Concentration Affects the Feed Sorting Behavior of Lactating Dairy Cows. Journal of Dairy Science, v. 90, p. 5572–5579, 2007. Disponível em: <https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007-0370>
ENDRES, M. I.; ESPEJO, L. A. Feeding management and characteristics of rations for high-producing dairy cows in freestall herds. Journal of Dairy Science, v. 93, p. 822-829, 2010. Disponível em: <https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2008-2007>
FALCHI FILHO, D. et al. Avaliação da homogeneidade da mistura de dietas de bovinos confinados com diferentes ingredientes. In: 5ª JORNADA CIENTÍFICA DA EMBRAPA GADO DE CORTE, 5., 2009, Campo Grande. Anais da...Campo Grande, MS: Embrapa Gado de Corte, 2009.
KONONOFF, P. J.; HEINRICHS, A. J.; BUCKMASTER, D.R. Modification of the Penn State forage and total mixed ration particle separator and the effects of moisture content on its measurements. Journal of Dairy Science, v. 86, n. 5, p. 1858-1863, 2003.
LAZARINI, V., GAI, V., FAGUNDES, R. Composição bromatológica da dieta em relação ao tempo de batida. Cultivando Saber, Centro Universitário FAG, Cascavel – PR, v. 7, n. 1, p. 102–110, 2014. Disponível em: https://www.fag.edu.br/upload/revista/cultivando_o_saber/539b19bd3d837.pdf. Acesso em: 08 de Out de 2020.
MEDEIROS, S, R.; GOMES, R. G.; BUNGENSTAB, D. J. Nutrição de bovinos de corte. Brasília.
OELBERG, T. TMR Audits Improve TMR Consistency. Penn State Dairy Cattle Nutrition Workshop, 2011. Anais... Grantville, PA, 2011.
OELBERG, T.; DIAMOND, V. TMR Audits Improve TMR Consistency. Penn State Dairy Cattle Nutrition Workshop, 2011. Anais… Grantville, PA, 2011, p.81-86. Disponível em: https://hdl.handle.net/11299/118911> Acesso em: 08 de Out de 2020.
OELBERG, T. J.; STONE, W. Monitoring total mixed rations and feed delivery systems. The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Food Animal Practice, v. 30, n. 3, p. 721-744, 2014. Disponível em: <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2014.08.003>
OWENS, F. Adaptação de gado confinado a dietas ricas em grãos: distúrbios metabólicos e desempenho. In: Simpósio sobre bovinocultura de corte, 6, 2007. Piracicaba - SP. Anais...Piracicaba: FEALQ, 2007 p. 221-235.
RODRIGUES, M. S. et al. Estratégias de alimentação e manejo utilizadas para minimizar o consumo seletivo de bovinos de leite e corte. Multidisciplinary Reviews, v. 1, p. 1-10, 2018. Disponível em: <https://doi.org/10.29327/multi.2018013>
ROSSOW, H. A.; ALY, S. S. Variation in nutrients formulated and nutrients supplied on 5 California dairies. Journal of Dairy Science, v. 96, ed. 11, p. 7371-7381, 2013. Disponível em: <https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2013-7084>
ST-PIERRE, N. R., WEISS, W. P. Partitioning variation in nutrient composition data of common feeds and mixed diets on comercial dairy farms. Journal of Dairy Science, v. 98, ed. 7, p. 5004-5015. 2015. Disponível em: <https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2015-9431>
ZEBELI, Q., et al. Invited review: Role of physically effective fiber and estimation of dietary fiber adequacy in high-producing dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, v. 95, ed. 3, p. 1041–1056, 2012. Disponível em: <https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2011-4421>
