INFLUENCE OF LAND USE AND LAND COVER CHANGE ON FIRE BEHAVIOR IN THE MATOPIBA REGION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/revgeov17n4-135Keywords:
Change Detection, Burned Areas, Landscape Dynamics, Fires, Cerrado, MATOPIBAAbstract
Land-use changes, intensified by deforestation and agricultural expansion, are directly associated with fire dynamics. In Brazil, the MATOPIBA region the country's last major agricultural frontier has undergone extensive transformations in land use and land cover. Moreover, it is predominantly located within the Cerrado biome, an ecosystem that is naturally adapted to and structurally dependent on fire. This study investigated fire burning patterns and spatial landscape changes, as well as the relationship between fire frequency and land-use transitions through local spatial correlation, based on MapBiomas project data. Using land use and land cover data, transition maps were generated and landscape metrics were calculated: total area (TA), percentage of occupancy (PLAND), number of patches (NP), largest patch index (LPI), and landscape division index (LDI). Burn scar data were used to analyze fire frequency and spatial fire distribution. Transition and fire frequency data were then correlated using the Local Pearson Correlation Coefficient (LPCC) in RStudio. Over the 36-year analysis period (1985–2020), a pronounced decrease in natural vegetation cover was observed, driven by the expansion of agricultural areas that became progressively larger and more homogeneous. Transition areas were concentrated mainly in the western portion of the region, in the Arc of Deforestation, and in western Bahia and southwestern Piauí. Regarding fire, at least 58% of the MATOPIBA area burned at least once, with the highest fire frequency recorded in areas covered by natural vegetation, while agricultural areas burned between 2 and 10 times over the 36 years. The correlation was predominantly significant in western MATOPIBA and in the state of Bahia. These findings indicate that fire management efforts in the region must be guided by an in-depth understanding of the interactions between fire regimes and land-use change dynamics.
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